class 9 khel praveen unit 6 notes

Unit 6 – Yoga

Class 9 Khel Praveen | Short Notes & Book Solutions

Pages 153–162

Chapter 21 – Samagra Svāsthya

Yoga for Holistic Health

🌿 Meaning of Samagra Svāsthya

Samagra Svāsthya means holistic health. It teaches that health is not simply the absence of disease. A healthy person has balance in the body, mind, emotions, intellect, social relationships and inner life.

Definition of Health

According to WHO, health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

True health means having energy to study and play, a calm mind, emotional balance and healthy relationships.

Three Main Dimensions of Health

DimensionWhat it includes
PhysicalNutritious food, proper sleep, exercise, hygiene, healthy body systems, strength, stamina and flexibility.
MentalCalmness, confidence, resilience, emotional control, empathy and ability to manage stress.
SocialGood relationships, cooperation, sharing, caring, communication, responsibility, truthfulness and nonviolence.

🕉️ Bhāratīya Concept of Svāsthya

The ancient Ayurvedic view goes deeper than simply being free from disease. Svāsthya means being established in one’s own natural state of balance.

The Suśhruta-Saṁhitā describes health as proper functioning of the body, good digestion, nourishment, regular elimination and a peaceful self, senses and mind.

“Sama-doṣhaḥ samāgniśh cha sama-dhātu-mala-kriyaḥ । Prasannātmendriya-manāḥ svastha ityabhidhīyate ॥”

Ease and Dis-Ease

Ease
Natural balance, good sleep, healthy body, calm emotions, focused mind, friendly behaviour.
Dis-Ease
Tiredness, poor sleep, weak immunity, emotional instability, lack of focus and low confidence.

Your Ease Meter

Rate your present state from 1 to 5:

  • 1: High dis-ease
  • 2: Noticeable discomfort
  • 3: Average/manageable
  • 4: Comfortable and calm
  • 5: High ease – balanced and energetic

Observe your body, energy, mental focus and emotional stability. Track your scores for 15 days and look for possible reasons behind low and high scores.

Five Kośhas – Holistic Health

KośhaSimple MeaningBalanced State
Annamaya-kośhaPhysical sheath made from food.Healthy, strong and energetic body.
Prāṇamaya-kośhaLife-energy sheath.Steady breathing, stamina and vitality.
Manomaya-kośhaMind and emotions.Positive emotions and ability to manage stress.
Vijñānamaya-kośhaWisdom and intellect.Clear thinking, good decisions and ethical values.
Ānandamaya-kośhaBlissful inner layer.Peace, contentment and inner joy.

Five-Day Pañchakośha Practice

DayKośhaMain Practice
1AnnamayaĀsana, Sūrya-namaskāra, healthy food and rest.
2PrāṇamayaDeep breathing or prāṇāyāma.
3ManomayaJournaling, Trāṭaka and mantra chanting.
4VijñānamayaReflect on an ethical situation and choose wisely.
5ĀnandamayaSilent sitting, gratitude and time in nature.

Quick Revision

  • Annamaya: body
  • Prāṇamaya: energy
  • Manomaya: mind and emotions
  • Vijñānamaya: intellect and wisdom
  • Ānandamaya: inner bliss

📘 Book Solutions

1. Am I healthy in all dimensions?
Answer: I can check my physical health, emotions, relationships, thinking and inner peace honestly. I should improve the areas that need more attention.
(a) Physical Dimension
Do I eat healthy food regularly?
Do I get enough sleep (7–8 hours)?
How often do I play, exercise, or do yoga āsana, prāṇāyāma, dhyāna?
Do I feel energetic throughout the day, or tired quickly?
Answer: These questions help me check whether my body is receiving healthy food, enough rest and regular physical activity.
(b) Mind and Emotions
Do I learn with focus and what do you mean by learning with positive thinking?
Am I able to manage emotions like anger, sadness, and stress without getting too disturbed?
Do I treat everyone with compassion and friendliness?
Answer: Learning with positive thinking means studying with a hopeful and constructive attitude. I should also learn to manage my emotions and treat others kindly.
(c) Intellect and Social
Do I make thoughtful decisions?
Do I listen and cooperate with friends/family?
Do I respect differences in opinions?
Answer: Yes, thoughtful decisions, cooperation and respect for different opinions help maintain intellectual and social well-being.
(d) Spiritual
Does contentment make me feel peaceful and happy inside?
Do I practice silence, meditation, or prayer?
Answer: Contentment, silence, meditation and prayer can help develop inner peace and happiness.
2. When do I feel connected to something bigger than myself?
Answer: I may feel connected when I spend time in nature, help others, pray, meditate or work for a meaningful goal.
3. Which kośha do you take care of the most in daily life? Which one needs more attention?
Answer: I take care of Annamaya-kośha through food and exercise. I need to give more attention to Manomaya-kośha by managing my thoughts and emotions.
4. What small steps can I start today to move towards “holistic health”?
Answer: I can eat healthy food, sleep on time, exercise, practise yoga and breathing, manage screen time and maintain positive relationships.
Pages 163–186

Chapter 22 – Yogamaya Jīvana

Lifestyle for Holistic Health

🌱 Meaning of Yogamaya Jīvana

Yogamaya Jīvana means a lifestyle guided by yoga and balanced habits. During adolescence, healthy habits help the body, mind and emotions remain balanced.

Seven Important Lifestyle Factors

Āhāra
Food
Nidrā
Sleep
Brahmacharya
Wise use of time and energy
Satsaṅga
Good company
Sadvyavahāra
Positive behaviour
Jaivika-ghaṭī
Circadian rhythm
Saṁskāra-nirmāṇa
Habit formation

Āhāra – Food

Food affects the body, mind and behaviour. The Bhagavad-Gītā describes three broad types:

TypeExamples / Effect
SāttvikaFresh fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, milk and ghee. Nourishing and supportive of calmness and concentration.
RājasikaVery spicy, sour, hot, salty or stimulating foods, fried snacks, tea, coffee and fast food. Excess may cause restlessness.
TāmasikaStale, reheated, heavily processed or old leftover foods. They may make the body heavy and mind dull.

Remember: “Yathā annaṁ tathā manaḥ” – as is the food, so is the mind.

Mitāhāra – Moderate Eating

Mitāhāra means moderate eating. Food should be pleasant and nourishing, eaten calmly and without overeating.

Mindful eating means eating slowly, chewing properly, avoiding distractions and noticing when the body feels comfortably full.

Healthy Food Choices

Body NeedHelpful Foods
DigestionWarm, freshly cooked food, soups, rice and dal.
BreathingFresh fruits, vegetables, tulsi, ginger and warm water.
Resistance to illnessAmla, turmeric milk and leafy greens.
Blood circulationWhole grains, sprouts and lentils.
Muscle growthDal, paneer, lentils, peanuts and millets.
Bones and jointsRagi, sesame seeds, leafy greens and sunlight.
MemoryNuts, seeds, ghee, milk, fruits and whole grains.
EnergyBanana, jaggery, buttermilk and traditional snacks.
Skin and hairCoconut, ghee, vegetables and adequate water.

Nidrā – Sleep

Sleep is the body’s natural recharge system. It supports tissue repair, energy restoration, immunity, memory, concentration, mood and emotional balance.

  • Avoid screens for at least one hour before bed.
  • Avoid heavy meals at night.
  • Practise calm breathing before sleep.
  • Maintain a regular sleep routine.

Brahmacharya – Wise Use of Energy

Brahmacharya is one of the Yamas. In daily life it means using time and energy wisely, controlling distractions and directing energy towards learning, growth and meaningful goals.

It is about balance, moderation and self-discipline, not strictness.

Satsaṅga – Good Company

The people around us influence our thoughts, habits and behaviour. Positive, disciplined and supportive friends help us develop good habits and use our energy wisely.

The life of Swami Vivekananda shows how good company, learning and guidance can strengthen discipline and character.

Adolescence and Yoga

ChallengeHelpful PracticesBenefit
Physical and health challengesĀsanas, Sūkṣhma Vyāyāma, healthy food and proper sleepStrength, flexibility, posture and digestion
Emotional and mental challengesPrāṇāyāma, Dhyāna, Śhavāsana, Yoga-nidrāCalmness, concentration and emotional balance
Social and behavioural challengesBalanced routine, group yoga and SevāPatience, empathy and cooperation
Moral and value challengesYama, Niyama and self-reflectionSelf-control, honesty and responsibility
Overall life balanceRegular yoga practiceConfidence, clarity and balanced lifestyle

Menstrual Health and Yoga

Menstruation is a natural process. A balanced lifestyle, gentle yoga, breathing and relaxation may help support comfort and emotional well-being.

Practices described in the chapter include loosening practices, suitable āsanas, Jala-netī, prāṇāyāma, Śhavāsana, Yoga-nidrā and meditation.

Circadian Rhythm

The circadian rhythm is the body’s natural 24-hour cycle. It influences sleep, waking, hunger, body temperature, digestion, hormones, memory and stress response.

  • Sleep and wake at regular times.
  • Study when the mind is most alert.
  • Exercise during active periods.
  • Eat meals at regular times.

Quick Revision – Chapter 22

  • Āhāra: food and mindful eating.
  • Nidrā: quality sleep and recovery.
  • Brahmacharya: wise use of time and energy.
  • Satsaṅga: good company.
  • Sadvyavahāra: positive behaviour.
  • Jaivika-ghaṭī: circadian rhythm.
  • Saṁskāra-nirmāṇa: habit formation.

📘 Book Solutions

Section A – Answer in one sentence

1. What is Mitāhāra?
Answer: Mitāhāra means eating pleasant and nourishing food in moderation without overeating.
2. Name the three types of foods described in the Bhagavad-Gītā.
Answer: The three types are Sāttvika, Rājasika and Tāmasika food.
3. What is the body’s natural 24-hour cycle called?
Answer: It is called the circadian rhythm.
4. What does brahmacharya mean in daily life?
Answer: It means using our time and energy wisely and avoiding unnecessary distractions.
5. Write one benefit of regular sleep.
Answer: Regular sleep improves memory, concentration and emotional balance.

Section B – Answer in 2–3 sentences

1. How does sleep affect your mood and concentration?
Answer: Good sleep refreshes the body and mind. It improves concentration, memory, mood and emotional balance.
2. Why is it important to choose sāttvika food more often?
Answer: Sāttvika food is fresh, natural and nourishing. It supports good health, calmness and concentration.
3. What changes can you make to reduce distractions in your daily routine?
Answer: I can reduce unnecessary screen time, keep my phone away while studying and follow a fixed routine for study, exercise and sleep.
4. How does practising yoga help during adolescence?
Answer: Yoga improves physical strength, flexibility, concentration and emotional balance. It also helps students handle stress and develop self-discipline.
5. Why is good company important for a healthy lifestyle?
Answer: Good company encourages positive habits and healthy behaviour. Supportive friends can help us stay disciplined and focused.

Section C – Answer in 3–4 sentences

1. Look at your weekly habits. Identify one overindulgence (for example, screen time, junk food, gossip) and explain how you can bring moderation to it.
Answer: My overindulgence is screen time. I can set a fixed daily limit and keep my phone away while studying and before sleeping. I can replace some screen time with exercise, reading or talking with family.
2. Explain how the circadian rhythm can guide healthy habits in sleep, study, and eating.
Answer: The circadian rhythm helps the body follow a natural daily cycle. Sleeping and waking at regular times supports good sleep. Regular meal times and studying when the mind is alert can also improve energy and concentration.
Pages 186–205

Chapter 23 – Yoga for Personal Excellence

Choosing the Good, Building Focus and Serving a Higher Goal

⭐ Personal Excellence

Personal excellence is a continuous journey of improving our abilities, character and skills. It is not perfection. It means consistently trying to become better and use our potential wisely.

Śhreyas and Preyas

ŚhreyasPreyas
Long-term goodImmediate pleasure
Needs effort and disciplineEasy and comfortable
Leads to lasting happiness and excellenceMay give temporary satisfaction
Example: sincere study, exercise, honestyExample: procrastination, excessive screen time, junk food

Nachiketāḥ – The Choice of Excellence

Nachiketāḥ refused temporary riches, fame and pleasures because he wanted lasting knowledge and truth. His story teaches us to choose Śhreyas over Preyas.

Four Pillars of Personal Excellence

PillarMeaningSimple Idea
AbhayaFearlessnessCourage and confidence.
SatyaTruthfulnessHonesty and integrity.
KartavyaDuty/ResponsibilityDoing what needs to be done.
ĀnandaBliss/Inner JoyLasting inner peace and happiness.

Higher Goals

A higher goal gives our hard work a deeper purpose. When we work not only for ourselves but also for our family, community or country, challenges become easier to face.

The chapter uses the examples of young Indian sportspersons and Chāṇakya to explain how a higher purpose can strengthen determination.

Why Is Excellence Hard?

  • Lack of awareness and concentration
  • Low confidence
  • Small goals and selfish thinking
  • Distractions such as social media, gaming and peer pressure

Solution: develop awareness, concentration, confidence, higher goals and disciplined habits.

Yoga and Excellence

PracticeDevelops
Trāṭaka and PrāṇāyāmaFocus and concentration
ĀsanasStrength, discipline and resilience
DhyānaCalmness and clarity
Yama-NiyamaIntegrity, compassion and responsibility
Karma-Yoga / SevāSelfless service and leadership
SvādhyāyaSelf-awareness and continuous growth

Your 5-Step Excellence Toolkit

  1. Tapas: hard work, discipline and commitment.
  2. Emotional intelligence: pause, breathe and respond wisely.
  3. Sevā: serve others and take responsibility.
  4. Self-confidence: build strength and courage through positive action.
  5. Svādhyāya: self-study, reflection and continuous improvement.

Daily Micro-Practices

  • 3 minutes of sectional breathing.
  • 5 minutes of neck movements and spinal twists.
  • 5 minutes of Nāḍī-śhodhana or Bhrāmarī Prāṇāyāma.
  • Regular āsana and mindful breathing.
  • Daily self-reflection.

Yoga Module – Quick Practice

DayĀsana / PracticePrāṇāyāma / Dhyāna
MondayArdhakaṭi-chakrāsana, VajrāsanaNāḍī-śhodhana, Oṁ-Dhyāna
TuesdayPāda-hastāsana, Ardha-chakrāsanaSectional Breathing, Pañchakośha-Dhyāna
WednesdayTrikoṇāsana, PadmāsanaAnuloma-Viloma, Jatru-trāṭaka
ThursdayParivṛitta-trikoṇāsana, VakrāsanaBhastrikā, Nāḍī-śhodhana, Antar Mauna
FridayBhujaṅgāsana, ŚhalabhāsanaŚhītalī/Śhītakārī, Nādānusandhāna
SaturdayŚhaśhāṅkāsana, UṣhṭrāsanaBhrāmarī, Nāḍī-śhodhana, Bindu-trāṭaka
SundaySārvāṅgāsana, MatsyāsanaUjjāyī, Ajapā japa

Ajapā Japa – Very Short Steps

  1. Sit comfortably with the back upright.
  2. Become aware of the body.
  3. Observe slow, deep breathing.
  4. Visualise the breath moving between the navel and throat.
  5. Become aware of prāṇa.
  6. Observe the natural So’ham sound with breathing.
  7. Return to normal breathing and chant Om three times.

Antar Mauna – Inner Silence

  1. Sit comfortably and observe sounds around you.
  2. Observe thoughts without stopping them.
  3. Observe and release thoughts.
  4. Notice the silence between thoughts.
  5. Return awareness to the breath and body.

📘 Book Solutions

Section A – Answer in one sentence

1. What is the difference between Śhreyas and Preyas regarding the type of happiness they offer?
Answer: Śhreyas gives lasting happiness through long-term good, while Preyas gives temporary pleasure.
2. Which quality (Abhaya) do you build when you stand up to peer pressure like Nachiketāḥ stood up to Death?
Answer: We build Abhaya, which means fearlessness or courage.
3. According to the text, “Success comes from doing what needs to be done”; what is the Sanskrit term for this “duty”?
Answer: The Sanskrit term is Kartavya.
4. How does practising Satya (Truth) prevent injury during a yoga pose?
Answer: Satya teaches us to be honest about our body’s limits, so we do not force a pose and hurt ourselves.
5. Name the two athletes mentioned in the text as examples of focusing on “higher goals”.
Answer: The two athletes referred to are Manu Bhaker and Neeraj Chopra.

Section B – Answer in 2–3 sentences

1. Explain the statement, “Excellence is not an accident; it is a habit formed by your choices.”
Answer: Excellence develops through repeated good choices and disciplined actions. When we regularly choose hard work, honesty, focus and responsibility, these become habits.
2. Why does the text suggest that “higher goals” lead to peace, while “smaller goals” can lead to misery?
Answer: A higher goal gives life a meaningful purpose and helps us remain focused during difficulties. A small goal can make us overly dependent on temporary success, praise or pleasure.
3. ‘Physical limitations cannot stop excellence.’ Do you agree? Explain with the help of an example.
Answer: Yes, I agree. A person can overcome limitations through determination, training and the right attitude. For example, a sportsperson can improve steadily despite physical difficulties by adapting practice and remaining focused.
4. Why is ānanda (bliss) considered different from the “fleeting excitement” offered by Preyas?
Answer: Ānanda is lasting inner joy and peace. Preyas gives only short-lived excitement from temporary pleasures.
5. How does the pillar of Kartavya help a student handle the distraction of video games vs. the responsibility of studying?
Answer: Kartavya reminds the student to perform their duty first. Therefore, the student should complete important study work before spending time playing video games.

Section C – Answer in 3–4 sentences

1. Identify a recent situation where you had to choose between “the hard right” (Śhreyas) and “the easy wrong” (Preyas). How did your choice affect your inner peace or stress levels?
Answer: I once had to choose between studying for a test and watching videos on my phone. I chose to study first because it was the better long-term choice. After completing my work, I felt relaxed and enjoyed my free time without stress.
2. Through yogic practices, how can one overcome a personal challenge like fear of failure or physical weakness
Answer: Regular āsanas can gradually build physical strength and confidence. Prāṇāyāma and meditation can calm fear and improve concentration. With regular practice and self-reflection, a person can become more confident and resilient.
Unit 6 Activities & Reflections

Important Questions & Reflection Prompts

Included from the supplied textbook content

Chapter 21 – Reflection Questions for the Activity

1. When do you feel that you are in a state of Dis-ease?
Answer: I may feel dis-ease when I am tired, stressed, sleep late, compare myself with others or spend too much time on screens.
2. When do you feel at ease?
Answer: I feel at ease after yoga, while spending happy time with friends and when I complete my work on time.
3. What can you do to stay at ease?
Answer: I can play a sport, eat healthy food, stretch regularly, sleep on time, talk to someone when stressed and reduce screen time.

Chapter 22 – Healthy Plate Reflection

How did you feel?
Answer: I felt comfortable and more aware of my eating habits.
Did you feel light/heavy?
Answer: I felt light when I ate slowly and stopped before overeating.
Did you stop eating when you felt comfortable enough?
Answer: Yes, I stopped when I felt comfortably full instead of overeating.
Write one small change you will try this week.
Answer: I will eat without using my mobile phone and chew my food slowly.

Chapter 22 – Sleep and Energy Check

Did you find it harder to focus in class the next day?
Answer: Yes. Less sleep can make concentration more difficult.
How was your mood throughout the next day?
Answer: I felt more tired and less energetic than usual.
Did you notice any cravings for junk food or sugary snacks?
Answer: I may notice stronger cravings when I do not sleep well.
Write a few lines about what you experienced and whether the night-time routine made any difference to your sleep and energy. Share and discuss your answers with your classmates. Does the amount of sleep we get affect our focus, feelings, and food cravings?
Answer: I noticed that sleeping on time helped me feel fresher and more focused. Reducing screen use before bed also made it easier to relax. Yes, sleep can affect focus, feelings and food cravings.

Chapter 22 – Brahmacharya Reflection

1. Which activities gave you the most positive energy this week?
Answer: Exercise, yoga, outdoor games, study and spending positive time with family or friends gave me good energy.
2. Which habits made you feel tired, low, or restless?
Answer: Excessive screen time, late sleeping and too much junk food made me feel tired or restless.
3. What is one healthy change that you practised that you want to continue next week as well?
Answer: I want to continue sleeping on time and practising yoga every day.
What is one distraction you could avoid to better concentrate on your goals?
Answer: I could avoid unnecessary mobile-phone and social-media use while studying.

Chapter 22 – Satsaṅga Reflection

How do you feel after spending time with your friends/classmates?
Answer: I feel happy and energetic when I spend time with positive and supportive friends.
Has anyone inspired you to adopt a good habit? What habit was it?
Answer: Yes. A friend inspired me to maintain a regular study and exercise routine.
Is there a habit you picked up from peers that you want to change?
Answer: I want to reduce the habit of checking my phone unnecessarily.

Chapter 22 – Adolescence Reflection

1. What situations cause you to feel the most anger or stress?
Answer: Exams, too much homework, arguments and pressure can make me feel stressed or angry.
2. What helps you calm down — talking, breathing, physical activity or something else?
Answer: Deep breathing, talking to someone I trust, physical activity and quiet time help me calm down.
3. Who can you talk to when you feel overwhelmed?
Answer: I can talk to my parents, teacher, counsellor or another trusted adult.

Chapter 22 – Activities

1. Discuss in your class, the common problems faced during adolescence and their possible solutions.
Answer: Common problems include stress, mood changes, peer pressure, poor sleep and lack of concentration. Healthy food, proper sleep, yoga, exercise, positive relationships and guidance can help.
2. Maintain a diary to note down your emotions, stress levels, and how yoga helped regulate them.
Answer: A diary can help me notice my emotions and understand whether breathing, āsanas and meditation reduce stress.
3. Enact situations showing peer pressure, stress, or family conflict and present healthy ways to resolve them.
Answer: Students can act out a situation and show healthy solutions such as calm communication, deep breathing, seeking help and making responsible choices.

Chapter 23 – Śhreyas and Preyas Reflection

The Situation: (for example, I watched a movie instead of preparing for an annual day performance.)
Answer: I chose entertainment instead of completing an important responsibility.
The Immediate Feeling: (for example, I felt relaxed and calm.)
Answer: I felt relaxed for a short time because I was enjoying myself.
The Result: (for example, I felt stressed the next morning and my presentation was average.)
Answer: Later I felt stressed because I had not prepared properly.
Now, imagine if you had chosen Śhreyas. How would the result have been different?
Answer: If I had chosen Śhreyas, I would have completed my preparation first. I would have felt more confident and less stressed afterwards.

Chapter 23 – Yoga Practice Reflection

1. Do you notice any changes in your thought pattern?
Answer: Regular yoga can make thoughts calmer, clearer and more organised.
2. Do you feel more focused, and has this helped you make better decisions?
Answer: Yes, improved focus can help me think carefully and make better decisions.
3. Are your distractions reduced or become easier to manage?
Answer: Yes, regular breathing, meditation and discipline can make distractions easier to manage.

Chapter 23 – Excellence Tracker Reflection

The Win: What was one moment this week where I felt truly proud of my behaviour?
Answer: I felt proud when I completed an important task without giving in to distractions.
The Challenge: Which distraction was the hardest to fight this week? How will I handle it better next week?
Answer: My biggest distraction was unnecessary phone use. Next week I will keep my phone away during study time.
The Higher Goal: How did my actions this week help someone else or contribute to my home or school environment?
Answer: I helped others with my work and kept my surroundings clean. Small acts of service helped create a better environment.

🌟 Unit 6 – Yoga

Healthy body • Calm mind • Wise choices • Higher goals • Personal excellence

Regular practice, discipline and self-reflection help us turn yoga into a healthy way of life.