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Class 8 Social Science Part 2 Chapter 6 – Dynamics of Population | NCERT Worksheet

Practise Class 8 Social Science Part 2 Chapter 6 – Dynamics of Population with this NCERT worksheet. Prepare more with important questions and revision exercises designed to strengthen understanding, improve practice and support effective preparation for class tests and examinations.

Class 8 Social Science Chapter 6 Dynamics of Population | Worksheet
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CLASS 8 • SOCIAL SCIENCE

Dynamics of Population

Chapter 6 • Worksheet

🌍 Demography • Population Growth • Fertility • Migration • Demographic Transition • Population Composition • Demographic Dividend • Population Ageing

👩‍🎓 Student Details

📌 Instructions

  • Read each question carefully.
  • Choose the correct option in MCQs.
  • Write answers in complete sentences where required.
  • Use your textbook for graphs and data-based activities.
  • Attempt the textbook questions in the same sequence.

🎯 Learning Check

☐ I can explain the meaning of demography.
☐ I can distinguish between birth rate and fertility rate.
☐ I can explain migration and its causes.
☐ I can explain the three stages of demographic transition.
☐ I can read a population pyramid.
☐ I can explain demographic dividend and population ageing.

🧠 Section A – Multiple Choice Questions

1. The study of population size, structure and change is called:
2. Which of the following is a component of population change?
3. The number of live births per 1,000 population in a year is called:
4. The average number of children a woman is likely to have during her lifetime is called:
5. Which of the following can lead to migration?
6. Which stage has both high birth rate and high death rate?
7. A population pyramid mainly shows population according to:
8. The number of females per 1,000 males is known as:
9. A large working-age population can create a:
10. Which country is discussed in the chapter as an example of an ageing population?

✏️ Section B – Fill in the Blanks

1. The study of population is called ____________.
2. The official counting of population is called a ____________.
3. The movement of people from one place to another is called ____________.
4. The average number of children a woman would have during her lifetime is the ____________ rate.
5. The number of deaths per 1,000 people in a year is called the ____________ rate.
6. The number of females per 1,000 males is called the ____________.
7. The economic opportunity created by a large working-age population is called the ____________.
8. A population with a large proportion of elderly people is called an ____________ population.

✔️ Section C – True or False

1. Demography studies population and how it changes over time.

True ☐     False ☐
2. Migration always happens only between countries.

True ☐     False ☐
3. Better healthcare can reduce mortality rates.

True ☐     False ☐
4. A wide base in a population pyramid usually indicates many young people.

True ☐     False ☐
5. Demographic dividend is related to a large working-age population.

True ☐     False ☐
6. Population ageing means that the proportion of elderly people is increasing.

True ☐     False ☐

🔗 Section D – Match the Following

Column AColumn B
1. DemographyA. Movement of people
2. MigrationB. Females per 1,000 males
3. Sex RatioC. Study of population
4. Demographic DividendD. Average number of children per woman
5. Fertility RateE. Economic opportunity from working-age population

Write your answers:

📝 Section E – Very Short Answer Questions

1. What is demography?
2. What is a census?
3. What is migration?
4. What is life expectancy?
5. What is sex ratio?
6. What is demographic dividend?
7. What is a population pyramid?

✍️ Section F – Short Answer Questions

1. Why do governments need information about population?
2. Differentiate between birth rate and fertility rate.
3. Give three reasons why people migrate.
4. How does better healthcare affect population?
5. Explain the three stages of demographic transition.
6. Why can a large working-age population be an advantage?

💡 Section G – Assertion and Reason

Choose from:
A. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason correctly explains Assertion.
B. Both are true, but Reason does not correctly explain Assertion.
C. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
D. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
1. Assertion: Better healthcare can reduce mortality rates.
Reason: Better healthcare can help prevent and treat diseases.
Answer: __________
2. Assertion: Migration can change the population of an area.
Reason: People moving into or out of an area change its population size.
Answer: __________
3. Assertion: A low fertility rate can contribute to population ageing.
Reason: Fewer births can reduce the proportion of younger people over time.
Answer: __________

🔍 Section H – Case-Based Questions

Case Study 1 – A Growing City

A city has received many migrants from nearby villages. New factories and offices have created employment opportunities. The population has increased rapidly. As a result, the city needs more houses, roads, transport, water supply and schools.

a) What demographic process is described here?
b) Why has the population of the city increased?
c) Name two services that may come under pressure.

Case Study 2 – An Ageing Country

Country X has a low fertility rate and people are living longer. The number of elderly people is increasing while the number of young workers is decreasing.

a) What type of population change is taking place?
b) What problem can this create for the workforce?
c) Name two services that may become more important.

Case Study 3 – Demographic Dividend

Country Y has a large population of young people. The government invests in education, skill development, healthcare and employment.

a) What demographic opportunity can Country Y have?
b) Why are skills important?
c) How can employment help the economy?

🔺 Section I – Population Pyramid Activity

Study the simple population pyramid pattern below. Label the following: young population, working-age population and elderly population.

Elderly
Older Adults
Adults
Working Age
Young People
Children
1. What does a wide base of a population pyramid indicate?
2. What does a wide top indicate?
3. What does a wide middle indicate?

📊 Section J – Data Interpretation

Study the following data from the chapter:

State/UTFertility RateLiteracy Rate Among Women (%)
Bihar3.055
Uttar Pradesh2.466.1
Jharkhand2.361.7
Karnataka1.773.4
Punjab1.679.4
Delhi1.683.7
1. Which state in the table has the highest fertility rate?
2. Which place has the highest female literacy rate?
3. What relationship do you notice between female literacy and fertility in this table?

📚 Section K – Textbook Questions and Activities

Write answers in your own words. The questions below are reproduced in the same order as the textbook.

1. Why is it important for a country to study its population through demography?
2. How can a low fertility rate affect a country’s future economy and workforce?
3. Do you think a high birth rate is always good for a country? Why or why not?
4. Do you think it’s better to have more people or fewer people in a country? What are the challenges countries face in the case of a fast-growing or shrinking population?
5. How does the age structure of a country affect the kind of jobs and services it needs? Explain with examples.
6. Why do you think families are generally getting smaller? Does having fewer children ensure better education and health for them? How does it affect families and society?
7. Observe the graph below showing changes in life expectancy across gender in India and answer the questions given below:

a) Has the life expectancy in India increased? If yes, what could be the reasons?

b) What was the life expectancy of males and females in 2010?

8. What is a demographic dividend, and how does it benefit a country? What do you think India needs to do today to make the most of its demographic dividend before 2050?
9. Choose two countries (for example: India and Japan, or Nigeria and Italy). Find out their:
  • Population size
  • Fertility rate
  • Life expectancy
  • Age distribution

How are they different? What might be the reasons behind these differences? For instance, find out how countries with ageing populations are managing this.

10. Imagine you are a researcher who intends to study migration patterns in your locality. Make a questionnaire to collect data on the following questions.
  • Name of the person
  • Age of the person
  • Occupation of the person
  • Place of residence
  • Number of years lived in the place
  • List the factors contributing to migration, such as lack of facilities, poor infrastructure, limited job opportunities and so on.
11. Draw a population pyramid on graph paper for India using the data given in the following table.

Age-group-wise percentage distribution of population (estimated for 2021)

Age GroupMaleFemale
0–48.68.2
5–98.98.4
10–148.78.6
15–199.39
20–249.59.1
25–2998.6
30–348.18
35–397.17.4
40–446.36.7
45–495.76
50–5455.2
55–594.24.2
60–643.23.3
65–692.42.7
70–741.82.1
75–791.21.4
80+0.91.2

DRAW YOUR POPULATION PYRAMID HERE

Male ← | Age Group | → Female
12. Observe the population pyramid for Japan in 2023 below. What can you infer from this? Write your observations and share in the class.

🎨 Section L – Creative Activities

🌍 Activity 1 – My Local Population

Think about your village/town/city. Write three population changes that you have noticed.

🚶 Activity 2 – Migration Interview

Interview one person who has moved from another place. Record the reason for migration.

Name: ______________________________

Previous place: ______________________________

Current place: ______________________________

Main reason for migration: ______________________________

👴 Activity 3 – Ageing Society

Write three ways in which families and communities can support elderly people.

💼 Activity 4 – Demographic Dividend

Imagine you are planning for India’s young population. List five things the country should invest in.

💭 Section M – Think and Reflect

1. Why is population not just about the number of people?
2. Why is education important for demographic development?
3. How can migration benefit both migrants and their families?
4. Why should countries prepare for population ageing?

⭐ Self-Assessment

Skill😊 I can do it🙂 Need practice😐 Need help
Explain demography☐☐☐
Explain fertility and birth rate☐☐☐
Explain migration☐☐☐
Understand demographic transition☐☐☐
Read a population pyramid☐☐☐
Explain demographic dividend☐☐☐

👩‍🏫 Teacher’s Remarks

Strengths:

Areas for improvement:

Teacher’s Signature: ______________________________

📘 Class 8 Social Science

Chapter 6 – Dynamics of Population

Worksheet • Demography • Population Change • Demographic Dividend

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